What is Immunology?
Immunology is the branch of biomedical science that studies the immune system and its response to foreign substances known as antigens. The immune system protects the body against infections, toxins, and abnormal cells through a complex network of cells, tissues, and molecules.
Components of the Immune System
- White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
- Lymphocytes (B-cells and T-cells)
- Antibodies (Immunoglobulins)
- Complement System
- Lymph Nodes
- Spleen
- Bone Marrow
Importance of Immunology in Laboratory Medicine
Understanding immunology is essential because ELISA is based on detecting specific immune reactions between antigens and antibodies.